Cyprus never had in its history direct cultural relations with Romania; there were periods, however, when the cultures of the two countries had close relations, particularly during the early Prehistoric period, when we recognize common characteristics in religious practices, namely in the cult of the Great Goddess of fertility. During the Archaic period the "Homeric'" burials with rich tomb gifts are encountered both in Cyprus (Salamis, Palaepaphos ) and in Romania (necropolis of Istria). No doubt both Cyprus and Romania were under the influence of the rich cultures of the Mediterranean and the Near East. These common characteristics were underlined during an exhibition of ancient Cypriote art in 2005, when a collection of Cypriote antiquities, on loan from the Medelhavsmuseet of Stockholm, was exhibited in the National History Museum in Bucharest.
It was then that the idea was conceived to publish and make known a small collection of Cypriote antiquities which are now in the Institute of Archaeology of the Academy of Sciences of Romania in Bucharest. This collection was donated to the Institute after the end of the First World War by the collector Prince Michael Soutsos, a descendant of a princely family of Phanariotes and a scholar in his own right (1841-1933). The largest part of his collection consisted mainly of Greek antiquities. He traveled extensively in Egypt and Europe and had connections with the scholars of that period, particularly the French. The Romanians consider Michael Soutsos as one of the great benefactors and patrons of their Academy of Sciences. The small collection of Cypriote antiquities comprises vases dating from the Early Bronze Age to the Archaic period and some limestone heads of the Archaic, Classical and Hellenistic periods. They were purchased, in all probability from Cesnola.
The main purpose of the publication of this Collection b y the Leventis Foundation (edited by V. Karageorghis) is to encourage the study of the civilization of Cyprus in Romania, a country where classical studies were flourishing in the past and which had close connections with the Greek world, especially during the period of the Greek War of Independence in 1821. This publication was requested also by the Romanian colleagues themselves for the purpose mentioned above, especially now that their country is about to join the European Union.
Apart from the description and archaeological evaluation of the objects of the collection and two objects from the University Museum of Timisoara, the book comprises the following chapters: The cult of the Great Goddess of Cyprus during the early Prehistoric period, by Dr Jacqueline Karageorghis; the cult of the Great Goddess in Romania during the Chalcolithtic period, by Prof. Silvia Marinescu-Bîlcu; the "Homeric" burials in the necropolis of Histria by Prof. Academician Petre Alexandrescu; the "Homeric" burials in Cyprus by Prof. V. Karageorghis. The chapter on the history of the collection and a lengthy account of the personality of Michael Soutsos has been written by Prof. Maria Alexandrescu-Vianu.